Rassegna storica del Risorgimento

Italy and Freedom movement in India 335
to Mazzini. The Oath oj Mazzinim was flung broadcast in Tamil poetry by this national poet of Tamil literature. He wrote:
I swear by the sacred feet of the almighty,
and by my dear country, a radiant angel of
light among Nations, and in the name of those
compatriots who MI that their countrymen
may live.
I swear by the naturai reverence that
everybody is expected to bear for the motherland,
which is holy and loving and rears us ali...
Though born of an auspkious mother [i.e. the country]
I have falien to an abject state of slavery, but yet
have hopes of rising up again, I swear in the name
of those high hopes of liberating the motherland...
I offer my ali (wealth, body and spirit) to the
Young Italy Movement... ,
Biographies of Italian Nationalists in Oriya Literature
Oriya language is one of the oldest vernaculars of India. The literary imaginations in Orissa bave from its earliest times been emotional, spiritual and bistorical as well.81) The politicai history and cultural history of Orissa during the years following the British conquest of 1803 was one of instability, disunity, discontent on the one hand and upsurge of locai resistant on the other.82* During the second decade of the present century early biographical writings in Oriya became increasingly a literary practice and it also became popular. Godavarish Mahapatra wrote85) a biography of Mazzini in 1930. This book became very popular among the Oriya people. Another very popular book, Italy-ra-Bhagya Vidhata - Garibaldi (The Maker of Italy - Garibaldi), by C. Chintamani Mista was published at about the same time.84) Two more biographies of Garibaldi, one by Praphull Kumar Pattanayak and the other by Bhubaneshar were later published.85
W) Ibid., p. 19.
81> GOPAL CHANDRA MISRÀ, Bistorical Biography in Oriya literature, in S.P. SEN, op. /., p. 106.
2> Ibid., pp. 116-117.
83) B. S. KESVAN, op. cit., voi. Ili, p. 240.
*> Ibid.
Ibid., voi. IV, p. 90.